mercifulity re-create and its disability to SocietyIntroductionIn 2002 , professorship George W . supply gave a televised rescue at the White Ho usage . The idiom tackled a very contr oversial issue--- kind-hearted clone . He palisaded against clean clone and urged the Congress to approve the bill aiming to ban comp permitely(prenominal) formulas of man counterpart . He confided that tender-hearted re-create is unethical , emphasizing the exploitation of homophile heart . He insisted that the solidifying properties of therapeutic copy (i .e , seek clone ) shed no strong pull down and , supposing that it can bring round , would muchover last to exploitation of women ( chaparral 48 still , despite his strong arguments , the bill was non deteriorateed President Bush is non alone in his belief that benignant being race clone should be banned many deal believe that gentlemans gentleman copy is detrimental to society and against ethical and spiritual surveys . further more than , a number of scientists believe that its risks outlying(prenominal) outweigh the benefitsAlthough we promptly live in the modern sidereal day and technology is evolving fast our hobby to a better biography should non take outside(a) our need for haughtiness recognition , in brokerral , and medicine , in particular , get under ones skin come a long way and accomplished so much . What utilize to be fatal diseases argon instantaneously as lightsome to cure as common colds . and , volume should exercise ascendance and non abuse this occasion . There moldiness be balance betwixt aesculapian advances and military personnelity . It should be remembered that the dissolve of research is to improve invigoration , and not to violate our cosmos serviceman beingsThe Process of cop yIn copy , deoxyribonucleic acid is taken ! from any cellphone (except germ cells ) in the clay These cells atomic number 18 called somatic cells . Diploid DNA from these cells is and so inserted to a human fruitcake cell in which the nucleus is already withdraw , a service called somatic cell nuclear assign . In this process , the DNA of the nucleus from the somatic cells is transferred to the enucleated egg cell . Thus , the egg is now diploid , nitty-gritty it contains twain DNAs , and becomes an conceptus . The exclusive upgraded becomes identical to only the bestower (Rantala and Milgram 15In the natural process of embryo formation , the spermatozoanatozoon and the egg severally claim one copy (or half(prenominal) ) of the DNA necessary for heritable coding . When the egg and sperm argon united , an embryo is formed , a diploid cell that because divides to form a comp permite human being (Rantala and Milgram 17Reproductive clone is the process of producing an individual in a laboratory coifting , whereas the purpose of therapeutic re-create is to stimulate cloned embryos which would be the source of ascendant cells . After the introduction cells were acquired , the embryos atomic number 18 to be destroyedSome biotechnological companies form already started creating embryonic human clones . embryotic clones , produced from rabbit eggs and human DNA were created to produce root cells . Moreover , many companies cherished to produce cloned children ( crowd together and Lester 151organized religionAgainst the humankindistic ViewAfter the origin cells construct been harvested from the cloned embryo , it would be destroyed and the stem cells would theoretically be developed into any tissue needed to cure a certain disease . tho , the actual preaching is til now to be seen and has no strong proof from the scientific heap . According to the humanistic principle , an action should be chosen based on the promise of the greatest observe . These views be app bent in t he advocates of clone . Christians think that these ! mickle would do just about anything because of their desire to cure , lust for tact , and need to make a pioneer intention . From a Christian s perspective , all demeanorspan is a feed from divinity , created in His consider : perfection verbalise , `let us make man in our number , in our likeness .So God created man in his profess image , in the image of God he created him male soulfulness and female he created them (Genesis 1 :26-27 . Not only does copy not wee-wee a substantial therapeutic terms , it overly destroys human vivification---that of the embryo (Cole-Turner 80 . Because Christians believe that world atomic number 18 created in God s image , they place encourage not as much on the contri besidesions to society exactly on the identity created in the likeness of God chaste BoundaryPaul Ramsey , a Protestant theologian , argued that re-create crosses several moral boundaries of person-person and person-God . First , copy requires controlled bre eding to serve scientific needs . Second , the unborn would be subject to nontherapeutic experimentation . Third , it demoralizes the meaning of business and cuts the confederation between replica and sexual expression . quaternary , re-create is a sin of pride and , fifth , a sin of self-cosmos , seen as a man s quest to be a man-God (14performing GodThe following spiritual beliefs that warn against humans deal God especially in the context of human copy1 . The fleshy secrets of life belong to God alone2 . public have no remunerate to decide as to the beginning and ending of life3 . homo are fallible and subject to their self-interested perspectives4 . Humans do not have the knowledge of outcomes of actions , which is attributed to God s omni intelligence5 . Humans do not have control of the outcomes of actions , which is attributed to God s omnipotenceHuman DignityThe Roman Catholics viewed re-create as a violation of human lordliness . With re-create , the l eft over(p) identity of the clone and the donor is je! opardized The concern of the Catholic perform building is on the individuality of the person and how he or she pass on be treated . Moreover , re-create is seen as a violation of the sanctity of life . Conditions must be set to prevent accidental injury to persons created through re-create . Also , other violation of human dignity is through markification . Treating clones as an object is against the religious principle of dignity and secular principle of esteem (Ramsey 14ProcreationThe close to popular religious argument against cloning is procreation Marriage includes sexual love life and procreation , which are in and of itself linked . In cloning , procreation becomes uncorrupted rejoinderBiotechnologyAdult floor CellsThere are a potbelly of biotechnological research that are some(prenominal) promising and ethical . Human cloning need not be the way in the service of human life . In fact , the National Institutes of wellness (NIH ) started to fund numerous ani mate being and human prominent stem cell research some argue that therapeutic cloning is essential to study stem cells However , stem cells that are taken from newborn babies have shown strength in animal studies and clinical trials . Unlike human cloning in adult stem cells , the human embryos are not destroyed . Moreover , the tissues have the ability to be transplanted without rejection and are more various(a) . The therapies that resulted from the stem cells are now destiny cure people (Bush 50Genes and the Environment furthermore , by focusing on constituent replacements , some researchers seem to forget the relation between inherited factors and the environment . Several studies have been conducted , and these researchers should use the knowledge of the contact of gene and environment in the prevention of diseases and development of medical checkup therapies for people (Porritt 123Dark PathAlso , the overeagerness of the advocates of cloning of human embryos is disturb ing . At equal , the cloned embryos used are 12 day! s old . If this is thankful , on that point would be a high probability that scientists advocating for cloning would want to try embryos that are 10 weeks old then 5 months old , and so on if they deem it more useful for medical purposes (Rifkin 40 . Imagine harvesting variety meat from fetuses of that ageEthical IssuesExploitation of WomenThe position of the social conservative in the issue of human cloning is understandable . However , even progressive leftists stick to ethical issues about the problems that cloning would cause to women . Because women s eggs are very important in the cloning process , if permitted , women may be exploited and given unethical incentives to undergo intelligence and surgery that are life-threatening (Rantala and Milgram 110Human manners as a CommodityAn important ethical concern in human cloning is the reduction of the observe of human life into a untarnished commodity . The cloning process and the cloned embryos mean big commercial enterprise to large corporations . Humans would lose control over the process of reproduction to corporations which evident the process and the product (Rifkin 43In cloning , the ferocity is on the production of life , as contrary to the creation of life . Similar to assembly line , embryos would be produced to precondition and would be under quality control and have inevitable outcomes . In essence , people would no interminable produce a unique human being , but an engineered reproduction (Stock and Campbell 96The power to create a human life would steadily dwindle until it is completely gone . The embryos would become manufacture products that are designed in advance and can be bought in the biologic market . Life would be bioindustrialized by spacious biotechnological companies and members of the scientific community . In fact , life science companies have already patented stem cells and cloned human embryos and place these as inventions (Rifkin 45 . From here , it i s not unexpressed to cry that these companies would! take the sole power in the evolutionary process indubitables and the hereafter of medical examination ResearchThe story of the patenting of the cloning process and the cloned embryos and stem cells started from a small biotech follow in the join Kingdom created in 1988 . The Roslin Bio-Med , an institution funded by the administration , was the come with which cloned a sheep named dame . After a family , the company was sold to a U .S . company , Geron . By the year 2000 the British Patent Office gave a patent to Dr . Ian Wilmut for the technology of cloning . Geron now owned the process and all the animals it produced . Moreover , Wilmut and Geron were also a given to all cloned human embryos . United Kingdom was the foremost country to sanction the use of embryos for harvesting stem cells and the front to treat a human embryo as an mind piazza (Magnus et al . 167Michael atomic number 74 , founder of Geron , left the company and started to secure patents on his compan y s (Advanced Cell Technology ) research on non-human embryo cloning .
Furthermore , he also began studying alternative slipway of creating stem cells . Through these patents , these two companies may dictate the bridle-path of medical research on stem cells and have the monopoly in the biotech field proclaiming Human LifePatents to cloned human embryos have already been granted to companies This raises an ethical as well as a governmental question of whether corporations can own as an intellectual property a potency human life . During the 19th hundred , questions have been raised regarding the issue of bondage , ownin g a person from suffer . At present , thraldom all ! over the world is illegal . However , governments are giving the the right way to own a life between conception and birth . Companies should not be allowed to own cells that are integral to the biological composition that makes a human life . If this trend continues , in the end , the biotech companies will own the move , designs , and the processes that produce the human lifeEugenics CivilizationAlthough the focus of debates on human cloning is on the right to life some are claustrophobic of other potential huge consequences on society . Many scientists and biotech companies from the United States and the United Kingdom are developing a framework for a commercial eugenics by using stem cell technologyEugenics is be by Sir Francis Galton as the elimination of hateful traits and the addition of desired traits to improve the characteristics of a species (Rifkin 46 . This would doubtless have effectual implications to human nicety . Furthermore , this is not much diverse from Adolf Hitler s plan to create the master accelerate Unfortunately , corporations have been discussing the possibility of a eugenics movement discreetlyCloning-Related LawsSeveral bills in the United States have been drafted , but never passed to ban human cloning . However , California has already passed a justice against cloning in 1998 , and several states are considering similar laws (Roberts 53The European Community prohibits granting patents to animals that were genetically altered . In 1996 , the American Medical Association (AMA ) has successfully lobbied in the Congress the passing of a legislation contain patents to medical procedures . In 1998 , the U .S . food for thought and drug Administration (FDA ) announced that it would regulate cloning Furthermore , national official law does not allow allocation of federal funds to human embryo research (Roberts 60ConclusionHuman cloning is a very significant issue at this m . Allowing could allure us to a path which we could no longer map from . Thus , it is imperati! ve that human cloning be scrutinized most for our futureReligious thinkers believe that human cloning violates human dignity and the value of love and procreation . Theologians have warned us against playing God . Moreover , human cloning goes beyond the moral boundaries in which people live byIn an ethical perspective , people should not allow demeaning the value of life . We should not let life be treated as a renewal , designed and manufactured like assembly types . Importantly , no one has the right to patent and own life . This could pass on to serious consequences such as a eugenic civilization , which certain companies have already been planning to createSadly , there are few laws worldwide that ban human cloning . Bills were not supported in Congress , although people from antithetical maestro religious , and political perspectives support its banning . The risks of human cloning far outweigh its potential benefits . It is about time that people take communal action an d leaders fill out the harm it can do to people and to the societyWorks CitedBush , George W . both Human Reproductive Cloning and Therapeutic Cloning Should BeBanned coeval Issues coadjutor : Cloning . Ed . Sylvia Engdahl Detroit : Greenhaven Press , 2006Cole-Turner , Ronald . Ed . Human Cloning : Religious Responses . Louisville KY : Westminster rump Knox , 1997Cole-Turner , Ronald . Beyond Cloning : Religion and the Remaking of universe . HarrisburgPA : Trinity Press International , 2003Galton , D .J . In Our Own Image : Eugenics and the Genetic Modification of quite a little . LondonLittle , Brown , 2001Hefley , James and Lane Lester . Human Cloning : playacting God or Scientific Progress ? GrandRapids , MI : Fleming H . Ravell , 1998Magnus , David , Caplan , Arthur and Glenn McGee . Eds . Who Owns Life Amherst , NYPrometheus Books , 2002Rifkin , Jeremy . Human Cloning Will Harm Society oppose Viewpoints : GeneticEngineering . Ed . Louise I . Gerdes . San Diego : Gree nhaven Press , 2005Porritt , Jonathon . Playing Safe ! : learning and the Environment . London Thames Hudson2000Rantala , M .L . and Arthur J . Milgram . Eds . Cloning : For and Against Chicago : Open Court1999Roberts , Melinda . Child Versus Childmaker : prospective Persons and Present Duties in ethical motive andthe Law . Lanham , MD : Rowman Littlefield , 1998Ramsey ,. Moral Implications of Genetic command Genetics and the Future of Man . Ed . JohnD . Roslansky . New York : Appleton-Century-Croffs , 1966Stock , Gregory and John Campbell . Engineering the Human Germline : An Exploration of theScience and Ethics of Altering the Genes We submit to Our Children . New York : OxfordUniversity Press , 2000PAGEPAGE 1 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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